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5.5 Factors Affecting Equilibrium Constant

Representation of Equilibrium Reaction

Though equilibrium can be attained from either side, the way equilibrium is represented is important for equilibrium constant calculation.

Example : - For

equilibrium constant

while for

equilibrium constant

Thus

Hence it is important how equilibrium is represented in equation.

Stoichiometry of Equilibrium Reaction

For reaction



and for



Though two equilibrium reaction are same representing change in same direction. Two equilibrium constants are not same. In fact

Thus stoichiometry equation is important

Activity Representation

Equilibrium constant value changes by the way activity of reactant/ products is represented. Equilibrium constant of concentration is not equal to equilibrium constant of pressure if numbers of moles are changing in reversible reaction.

Reaction Quotient

In a reversible reaction; concentration of Reactants and products keep on changing, till equilibrium is established. At any point of time the ratio of activity of Reactant(s)/ Product(s)

For Reaction



where Q is Reaction Quotient

The value of reaction quotient helps to predict state of reversible reaction.

If Q > Kc then the rate of backward reaction is faster then forward reaction

If Q = Kc then the reaction is in equilibrium i.e., rate of forward reaction is equal to rate of backward reaction.

If Q < Kc then, the rate of forward reaction is greater then backward reaction.

Relation between Kc & Kp

For the process considering concentration terms only, equilibrium constant



If we consider partial presence of all species then by gas equation

PV=nRT



or P = CRT

Thus PA = CART

PB = CBRT

PN= CNRT

PM = CMRT

Equilibrium constant

or

Where = difference in no of moles of gaseous species only.

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