Wide-Area Wireless Communication: Microwave, Satellite, 3G, 4G & WiMAX
In Wide-Area Wireless Communication data transmission and communication done at large distance of thousands of kilometres. As the name implies it is a wide-area network in which separate areas are connected wirelessly and that are providing services to a large geographical area. These services are mainly delivered to smartphones and other handheld devices. Now we are going to discuss some of the Wide-Area wireless networks and how communication is done in such networks.
Microwave
The meaning of microwave is small wave or in other words we can say is a radio signal with the frequency range from 300 MHz to 300 GHz which is depending on the rating system. The signals make a communication system versatile by carry thousands of channels at the same time. Almost many communication systems transmit microwaves not only AM and FM radio. A normal user can recognize Microwave systems by their use of large antenna, often in dish format. Microwave signals are used for both satellite and ground-based communication and it can also used for microwave ovens.
Satellite
Satellite is also comes in wide-area wireless communication which transfer signals between sender and receiver with the help of satellite. Satellite signal is basically a beam modulated microwave with the help of satellite. Then this send to the satellite and satellite amplifies the signal and sent it back to the receiver’s antenna that located on the earth’s surface. So all this signal transfer process done in space that’s why also known as space communication.
3G & 4G Network
Mobile generation have growing with the various generation of technology from 1G to till 4G where G is stands for generation. 3G is third generation wireless technology that comes with the enhancement over the previous technology that are going to provide high-speed transmission, advanced multimedia access and global roaming. This technology is used with mobile phones and handsets as a means to connect the phone to the internet and surf internet. Some of the features of 3G technologies are several times higher speed data, enhanced audio and video streaming, video-conferencing support and web browsing at higher speeds. Now 4G comes improvement over 3G networks. As 3G is a suite of several network protocol and $g is itself as a single protocol called WiMAX. 4G are WAN standards means they cover connectivity to device over a wide area and can cover a whole city or country.
WiMAX Network
WiMAX stands for Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access it is a type of technology which provide wireless internet services over a long distance greater than standard Wi-Fi. This is based on the IEEE 802.16 standard providing broadband wireless access up to 30 miles. This technology allow ISPs and carriers to provide internet connectivity at homes or office without use of physical wire. This is a telecommunication protocol which is used for mobile internet access services. WiMAX network is quickly built at relatively low cost so this network is basically a combination of low cost and flexibility. The wireless base station of WiMAX provide coverage to the surrounding area and multifunctional application.
