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Qu. For igneous rocks we find on the Earth's surface (including the sea floor), the most common source rock (original rock that melted to give rise to the magma from which the igneous rock formed) was located in the: (a) lower continental crust, (b) mantle, (c) upper continental crust, (d) oceanic crust, (e) outer core

Qu. In order of severity from highest hazard (1) to lowest hazard (4) rank the following cities in terms of volcanic hazard. Place the appropriate ranking number beside each of the following (ties are permitted)

(a) Boston, MA, (b) Naples, Italy, (c) Fresno, CA, (d) Redding, CA

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Qu. Give the (formal) name of a volcanic arc and where it is located

Qu. Name TWO types of plate tectonic settings associated with explosive volcanoes (5 pts each, 10 pts total).

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Qu. What is the main reason volcanic eruptions threaten more lives today than 100 years ago? (5 pts).

Qu. Let's suppose you have a basaltic magma at depth beneath the Earth's surface. Some of the minerals with highest melting point crystallize and settle to the bottom of the magma. Is the remaining melt higher or lower in Si02 (silica) content than it was before the crystals formed?

Qu. Explain how the chemistry of magma influences the explosiveness of a volcano. In your answer explain: (a) how magma chemistry influences the physical characteristics of the magma, (b) how those physical characteristics influence how explosive a resulting eruption is and why and (c) what this ultimately means in terms of the relationship between magma chemistry and the potential explosiveness of a volcano.